Dried Fennel is native to Southern Europe and has grown abundantly all throughout Europe, the Middle East, China, India, and Turkey. This herbaceous plant may grow up to 2 meters (about 6 feet) tall. It has golden-yellow flowers in umbels and deep green, feathery (lacy) leaves. Fennel seeds are usually picked when the seed heads develop a light brown color. The seeds are light brown with tiny vertical lines across their surface, and they have an oblong or curved (comma) form, measuring around 3–4 mm in length. They resemble anise seeds in appearance.
Fennel is often collected in the early morning hours to prevent seed loss in the field. Similar to caraway, its stems were treated, threshed, and piled until they were dry before being sent to the markets.